Vitamin B12 plays a vital role in cellular energy production, blood-oxygen saturation, and qualitative mental well-being. But, what could a vitamin B12 deficiency look like in your day-to-day life?
Diminished Energy and Fatigue
All three key roles of vitamin B12 can determine our everyday energy level and physical alertness:
- Low cellular energy production – can lead to reduced metabolism and slower cell regeneration. When the energy in our cells suffers, the effects cascade throughout the body, causing fatigue, low appetite, and dull hair, skin, and nails. The vitamin B12 benefits for skin, however, can lead to rejuvenation and renewal.
- Reduced blood-oxygen saturation – due to anemia also causes fatigue. Oxygen transport to the brain is a key function of hemoglobin, and in cases of B12-deficient anemia, low oxygen levels can reduce brain function, slowing cognition. When facing low oxygen saturation, the brain uses the limited energy available to maintain basic biological functions, reducing efforts to maintain complex cognition, speech, and critical thinking.
- Depressive symptoms – while still under investigation by researchers, include both physical and mental fatigue. These symptoms could present as physical exhaustion, low motivation to socially engage with others, or executive dysfunction—the inability to complete basic tasks.
Fatigue and low energy impact people in different ways. But, when considering the possibility of a B12 deficiency, think about recent, habitual changes in your energy level, like:
- Significantly cutting back your exercise regimen because you’re just too tired to work out
- Opting for takeout instead of cooking because you aren’t motivated or inspired to do so
- Reduced productivity at work, school, or home
If any of these day-to-day impacts ring true for you, you could be experiencing B12 deficiency.
Low Exercise Tolerance
While we touched upon a general reduction in exercise in the previous section, low B12 can also impact the quality of your workout when you do manage to go for a run, do yoga, or lift weights.
Low exercise tolerance is a symptom of vitamin B12 deficiency. Low tolerance and low motivation are two distinct phenomena:
- Low motivation – If you can’t be bothered to work out, you’re too tired, or you’re trying to conserve your energy for more crucial tasks (like work or household chores), you're suffering from low motivation—a possible indication of vitamin B12 deficiency.
- Low exercise tolerance – If you’re still motivated to work out but find that your workouts are shorter, you can’t reach your usual benchmarks, or you’re winded more easily than normal, you could be experiencing low exercise tolerance—the ability to endure prolonged periods of physical activity.
While distinguishing between these two characteristics can help you determine how a B12 deficiency may be interfering with your everyday life, they both point to a potentially larger problem—perhaps a low B12 level. If you think it’s a different issue, learn more about the signs of a vitamin C deficiency.
Shortness of Breath
While you may become winded quickly as a result of low exercise tolerance, a vitamin B12 deficiency can also cause general shortness of breath.
If you feel like you just can’t get a satisfying breath, you find yourself noticing heavy breathing outside of an exercise routine, or you have trouble completing everyday tasks—like climbing stairs, doing dishes, or carrying groceries—without pausing to catch your breath, you could be experiencing low oxygen saturation.
While you should consult a medical professional to rule out other respiratory conditions—like an infection, asthma, or a lung injury—shortness of breath could be a potential sign that you need more B12.
Mental and Cognitive Impairment
Low oxygen saturation can also cause reduced mental capacity. The following are everyday examples of reduced cognitive function:
- Speaking or responding to others slower than usual
- Reduced short-term memory (like forgetting whether or not you took your morning medication or turned off the stove before leaving the house)
- Taking more time than usual to solve problems, think critically, or understand complex topics
If any of the above is happening to you, don’t panic—while your symptoms could be a result of low B12, a medical professional can help you determine the cause of your reduced cognitive function and find a solution.